Raw model output on the native 0.25° grid — no MOS, no bias correction, no post-processing. Scores understate operational forecast quality. Read the fairness statement →

CastCheck methodology v0.2 · data through 2026-08-30

KEWR — Newark Liberty

40.6825, -74.1694 · 5 m· standard offset UTC-5 h · truth product CLIEWR

These pages are always bilinear interpolation, the headline method. The nearest-node variant, and every other window/initialization/interpolation/variable combination, is published on each permanent link below — follow any number.

Daily maximum temperature — MAE °F

the last 90 days, 00Z, bilinear. MAE with the bias and n underneath; every cell links to its permanent page. The sparkline shows the same model across lead days 1–9 on a scale shared within this table.
Modeld0d1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9lead 1–9
ECMWF AIFS Singleaifs_single 2.58-2.54 · n=30 2.71-2.68 · n=29 3.09-2.88 · n=28 2.97-2.59 · n=27 3.49-3.20 · n=26 3.58-3.05 · n=25 3.16-3.01 · n=24 3.86-3.62 · n=23 4.31-4.21 · n=22 5.51-4.99 · n=21 ECMWF AIFS Single MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
Aurora (GFS init)aurora_gfs 3.96-3.96 · n=2 2.84-2.84 · n=1 Aurora (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
Aurora (IFS init)aurora_ifs 4.22-4.22 · n=3 3.07-3.07 · n=2 0.55-0.55 · n=1 Aurora (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
FourCastNet v2 (GFS init)fourcastnet_gfs 2.79-2.79 · n=2 2.01-2.01 · n=1 FourCastNet v2 (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
FourCastNet v2 (IFS init)fourcastnet_ifs 4.75-4.75 · n=3 1.85-1.85 · n=2 2.09-2.09 · n=1 FourCastNet v2 (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
NCEP GFSgfs 1.70-1.09 · n=30 1.99-0.97 · n=29 2.93-1.81 · n=28 2.32-0.79 · n=27 2.59-1.22 · n=26 3.54-1.32 · n=25 3.12-0.49 · n=24 2.73-1.00 · n=23 3.56-2.03 · n=22 4.91-0.77 · n=21 NCEP GFS MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
GraphCast (GFS init)graphcast_gfs 3.88-3.88 · n=2 4.59-4.59 · n=1 GraphCast (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
GraphCast (IFS init)graphcast_ifs 4.57-4.57 · n=28 4.87-4.87 · n=27 4.78-4.78 · n=26 4.57-4.57 · n=25 4.75-4.71 · n=25 4.36-4.20 · n=25 4.38-4.37 · n=24 4.28-4.21 · n=23 4.60-3.76 · n=22 5.47-3.35 · n=21 GraphCast (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
ECMWF IFS HRESifs_hres 3.46-3.14 · n=24 4.30-3.94 · n=23 3.75-3.59 · n=22 3.59-3.27 · n=22 3.04-2.01 · n=20 3.70-2.50 · n=18 4.10-1.37 · n=19 3.17-2.35 · n=18 3.50-2.25 · n=17 4.45-0.76 · n=16 ECMWF IFS HRES MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
Pangu-Weather (GFS init)pangu_gfs 1.28+0.51 · n=2 1.93+1.93 · n=1 Pangu-Weather (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
Pangu-Weather (IFS init)pangu_ifs 2.47-1.04 · n=3 0.62+0.60 · n=2 1.39+1.39 · n=1 Pangu-Weather (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax
Persistence (baseline)persistence 4.44-0.09 · n=90 6.12-0.10 · n=90 7.21-0.30 · n=90 7.66-0.30 · n=90 7.14-0.34 · n=90 7.17-0.30 · n=90 6.81-0.30 · n=90 7.49-0.36 · n=90 7.76-0.60 · n=90 Persistence (baseline) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmax

Up to 1 of the scored days in this table carry a QC flag on the observation (a CLI value that disagreed with the hourly observations, or a fallback source). They are kept in the scores and counted here rather than dropped — see methodology.

+ model too warm · − model too cold · bias interval includes zero · ★ lowest MAE · = not distinguishable from the leader · ▼ significantly worse · n < 30 greyed and unranked · CI is a 95 % moving-block bootstrap interval.

Daily minimum temperature — MAE °F

the last 90 days, 00Z, bilinear. MAE with the bias and n underneath; every cell links to its permanent page. The sparkline shows the same model across lead days 1–9 on a scale shared within this table.
Modeld0d1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9lead 1–9
ECMWF AIFS Singleaifs_single 1.68+1.26 · n=30 2.09+1.39 · n=29 2.38+1.82 · n=28 2.64+1.89 · n=27 2.54+1.50 · n=26 2.89+1.44 · n=25 2.76+1.50 · n=24 2.55+1.73 · n=23 2.93+1.20 · n=22 3.96+1.19 · n=21 ECMWF AIFS Single MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
Aurora (GFS init)aurora_gfs 1.70+1.70 · n=2 2.04+2.04 · n=1 Aurora (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
Aurora (IFS init)aurora_ifs 1.27+1.27 · n=3 1.43+1.43 · n=2 1.38+1.38 · n=1 Aurora (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
FourCastNet v2 (GFS init)fourcastnet_gfs 2.08+2.08 · n=2 2.78+2.78 · n=1 FourCastNet v2 (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
FourCastNet v2 (IFS init)fourcastnet_ifs 0.91+0.80 · n=3 3.02+3.02 · n=2 4.08+4.08 · n=1 FourCastNet v2 (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
NCEP GFSgfs 3.58+3.28 · n=30 3.85+3.51 · n=29 3.64+3.05 · n=28 4.00+3.89 · n=27 4.12+3.80 · n=26 3.89+2.94 · n=25 4.61+3.61 · n=24 4.33+3.64 · n=23 4.47+3.53 · n=22 4.90+3.08 · n=21 NCEP GFS MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
GraphCast (GFS init)graphcast_gfs 1.83+1.83 · n=2 2.38+2.38 · n=1 GraphCast (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
GraphCast (IFS init)graphcast_ifs 1.97+1.19 · n=28 2.13+0.77 · n=27 2.18+0.95 · n=26 2.52+1.42 · n=25 2.65+1.18 · n=25 2.69+1.07 · n=25 2.76+1.27 · n=24 2.90+1.13 · n=23 3.75+0.72 · n=22 3.48+0.84 · n=21 GraphCast (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
ECMWF IFS HRESifs_hres 1.86+1.49 · n=24 2.21+1.02 · n=23 2.52+1.82 · n=22 3.28+2.74 · n=22 3.27+2.66 · n=20 3.05+1.48 · n=18 2.88+2.29 · n=19 3.19+2.82 · n=18 3.72+2.72 · n=17 4.70+3.11 · n=16 ECMWF IFS HRES MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
Pangu-Weather (GFS init)pangu_gfs 1.83+1.83 · n=2 0.80+0.80 · n=1 Pangu-Weather (GFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
Pangu-Weather (IFS init)pangu_ifs 1.61+1.61 · n=3 2.32+1.05 · n=2 1.05+1.05 · n=1 Pangu-Weather (IFS init) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin
Persistence (baseline)persistence 3.27-0.09 · n=90 4.83-0.28 · n=90 5.23-0.46 · n=90 4.97-0.59 · n=90 4.82-0.62 · n=90 5.16-0.60 · n=90 5.32-0.66 · n=90 5.69-0.78 · n=90 5.59-0.97 · n=90 Persistence (baseline) MAE by lead day 1 to 9, tmin

Up to 1 of the scored days in this table carry a QC flag on the observation (a CLI value that disagreed with the hourly observations, or a fallback source). They are kept in the scores and counted here rather than dropped — see methodology.

Month by month

MAE °F at lead day 1, 00Z, bilinear, daily maximum — the seasonal slice behind the window averages. A model that is excellent in one season and poor in another shows up here and nowhere else.

Monthaifs_singleaurora_gfsaurora_ifsfourcastnet_gfsfourcastnet_ifsgfsgraphcast_gfsgraphcast_ifsifs_hrespangu_gfspangu_ifs
2026-08 2.71-2.68 · n=292.84-2.84 · n=13.07-3.07 · n=22.01-2.01 · n=11.85-1.85 · n=21.99-0.97 · n=294.59-4.59 · n=14.87-4.87 · n=274.30-3.94 · n=231.93+1.93 · n=10.62+0.60 · n=2
2026-01 3.07-3.07 · n=6

Model availability at this station

ModelPeriod Scored daysCoverage
ECMWF AIFS Single 2026-08-02 → 2026-08-3029
Aurora (GFS init) 2026-08-30 → 2026-08-301
Aurora (IFS init) 2026-08-29 → 2026-08-302
FourCastNet v2 (GFS init) 2026-08-30 → 2026-08-301
FourCastNet v2 (IFS init) 2026-08-29 → 2026-08-302
NCEP GFS 2026-08-02 → 2026-08-3029
GraphCast (GFS init) 2026-08-30 → 2026-08-301
GraphCast (IFS init) 2026-01-02 → 2026-08-3033
ECMWF IFS HRES 2026-08-02 → 2026-08-3023
Pangu-Weather (GFS init) 2026-08-30 → 2026-08-301
Pangu-Weather (IFS init) 2026-08-29 → 2026-08-302
Persistence (baseline) 2024-01-02 → 2026-08-30972

Observed truth — last 30 days

Climatological dayTmax °F Tmin °FSourceFlag
2026-08-308164OBSobs_fallback
2026-08-298063CLI
2026-08-288769CLI
2026-08-278070CLI
2026-08-268465CLI
2026-08-258165CLI
2026-08-248263CLI
2026-08-238367CLI
2026-08-228069CLI
2026-08-218265CLI
2026-08-208464CLI
2026-08-198968CLI
2026-08-188673CLI
2026-08-178570CLI
2026-08-168167CLI
2026-08-158567CLI
2026-08-148769CLI
2026-08-138875CLI
2026-08-128874CLI
2026-08-118872CLI
2026-08-109071CLI
2026-08-099273CLI
2026-08-089172CLI
2026-08-079573CLI
2026-08-069377CLI
2026-08-058569CLI
2026-08-048464CLI
2026-08-038971CLI
2026-08-028575CLI
2026-08-018869CLI

All scores as JSON scores_latest.csv daily_errors.csv.gz data & licences